Criterion to Recognize Extreme Exact Games

Number of variables (= players)

Choose that by drawing the circle:

There are basically two ways to enter the data:

  1. either you can enter the values of the game in the frame entitled Represented game,
  2. or you can enter a min-representation in the table entitled Input/saving array.

Represented game

Here you can enter the values of the game. These should be non-negative integers. The value for the empty set is automatically set to zero and the initial pre-defined values for all sets are zeros.

The standard min-representation of the game consisting of the list of all vertices of the core will be automatically computed using R package rcdd. It will appear in the array entitled Core/standard min-representation.

Our extremity criterion requires the represented game to be in a standardized form, which means that the values for singletons must be zeros. If you click on the button Standardize then the represented game will be turned into its standardized version (by subtracting a certain additive game). Moreover, the (vertices of the corresponding) core will be modified accordingly. This standardization operation geometrically means a translation of the core and does not influence the extremity of the represented game.

Our extremity criterion also requires the core to be non-empty and its vertices to have integers as components. However even if the input game is balanced (= has a non-empty core) then it may happen that it is not exact. Moreover, even if it is exact and integer-valued then its core can still have vertices with fractional components. To ensure the exactness of the represented game as well as that its standard min-representation is composed of integers click on the button Exactify and Multiply. If the input game is not balanced then the user will be notified about that. Otherwise, the represented game will be replaced by a suitable multiple of the unique exact game which the same core as the original input game and the (vertices of the corresponding) core will be modified accordingly. Of course, the game may remain unchanged if it is already exact and has integer-composed standard min-representation. This adaptation operation does not influence the extremity of the represented game, but it can lead to a non-standardized game, in which case one has should click on the button Standardize.

Input array

You can enter the values of an input min-representation using the array Input/saving array on the right-hand side. The values should be non-negative integers and the sum in any row should be the same for different rows. Moreover, to ensure the resulting represented exact game to be standardized, every column of the input min-representation should contain at least once zero. Additional rows for the input can be generated using the button called Add row.

The initial pre-defined values in every newly generated row are zeros. After entering the input min-representation click on the button with the left-directed arrow. The represented game will be computed and will appear in the frame Represented game. Moreover, the vertices of the core of the represented game will be automatically computed and will appear in the array entitled Core/standard min-representation. Note that this standard min-representation of the game can have a different number of rows than the input min-representation. Using the button with the right-directed arrow you can save it in the (originally input) array on the right-hand side.


Core/standard min-representation



Input/saving array

Oxytrophy

By clicking on the button bellow you can start a test whether the represented game is oxytrophic (an exact game is oxytrophic if it has unique core-based min-representation). If it is the case the answer will be TRUE, otherwise FALSE.

Extremity test based on finest min-representation

By clicking on the button Essential dimension you can start a test whether the represented exact game is extreme. The test is based on the finest min-representation. One computes the essential dimension for the finest min-representation and the game is extreme if and only if the essential dimension is 1. Note that the concept of essential dimension is formally defined in section 5.2 of the paper: it is the dimension of the space of certain pure solutions of the respective equation system.

Finest min-representation


About the system

The criterion for the extremity in the cone of exact games is based on the method described in the paper M.Studený, V.Kratochvíl: Linear criterion for testing extremity of an exact game based on its finest min-representation. International Journal of Approximate Reasoning 101 (2018), pp. 49-68.

This web platform was created by Václav Kratochvíl and Milan Studený.